Adjectives & Adverbs

Adjective or Adverb?

(Прыметнік ці прыслоўе?)

1. 🔹 What is an adjective?

An adjective describes a noun — a person, a thing or an idea.

(Прыметнік апісвае назоўнік — чалавека, прадмет або паняцце.)

Adjectives are used:

before a noun (перад назоўнікам) ▪ It’s a quiet place. (Гэта ціхае месца.)
after the verbs be, look, seem, feel, smell (пасля дзеясловаў быць, выглядаць, здавацца, адчуваць, пахнуць)

She is happy. (Яна шчаслівая.)
He looks tired. (Ён выглядае стомленым.)
It feels soft. (На дотык яно мяккае.)

2. 🔸 What is an adverb?

An adverb tells us how something happens — it describes a verb.

(Прыслоўе паказвае, як адбываецца дзеянне, і апісвае дзеяслоў.)

Examples:

She sings happily. (Яна спявае шчасліва.)
He speaks quietly. (Ён размаўляе ціха.)
They drive carefully. (Яны вядуць машыну асцярожна.)

3. 🧠 How to form an adverb?

Usually, we add -ly to the adjective:

Adjective	Adverb
quick (хуткі)	quickly (хутка)
slow (павольны)	slowly (павольна)
nice	nicely
quiet (ціхі)	quietly (ціха)
bad	badly

Examples:

It’s a quick car. (Гэта хуткая машына.)
He runs quickly. (Ён бегае хутка.)

4. ❗ Exceptions – Выключэнні

Некаторыя словы не змяняюцца, або маюць асаблівую форму:

Adjective	Adverb	Translation
good	well	добры / добра
fast	fast	хуткі / хутка
hard	hard	цяжкі / цяжка
late	late	позні / позна

hardly – ледзьве
I hardly hear you. – Я ледзьве цябе чую.

Examples:

She is a good dancer. (Яна добрая танцорка.)
She dances well. (Яна танцуе добра.)
He works hard. (Ён працуе цяжка.)
The train is late. (Цягнік спазняецца.)

5. 🎯 Comparison in context

(Параўнай ужыванне прыметніка і прыслоўя ў падобных сказах)

He is quiet. (Ён ціхі.) → adjective
He speaks quietly. (Ён размаўляе ціха.) → adverb
She is a careful driver. (Яна асцярожная кіроўца.)
She drives carefully. (Яна едзе асцярожна.)

6. ✨ Adverbs can describe adjectives

(Прыслоўі могуць апісваць прыметнікі, паказваючы ступень або характар)

Examples:

She is extremely kind. (Яна празмерна добрая.)
He looks really tired. (Ён выглядае сапраўды стомленым.)

Найчасцейшыя ўзмайняльныя прыслоўі:

very, really, extremely, quite, terribly, a bit, rather

✍️ Exercise 1. Choose the correct form — adjective or adverb

Example: She sings _________. (beautiful / beautifully) (Яна спявае прыгожа.)

He looked _________ after the exam. (nervous / nervously) (Ён выглядаў знерваваным пасля экзамена.)
Please speak more _________. (clear / clearly) (Калі ласка, гаварыце больш выразна.)
She is a very _________ artist. (creative / creatively) (Яна вельмі крэатыўная мастачка.)
I answered the questions _________. (correct / correctly) (Я адказаў на пытанні правільна.)
My cat is very _________. (quiet / quietly) (Мой кот вельмі ціхі.)
They worked _________ to finish the project. (hard / hardly) (Яны цяжка працавалі, каб скончыць праект.)
This soup tastes _________. (delicious / deliciously) (Гэты суп смачны.)
The train arrived _________. (late / lately) (Цягнік прыбыў позна.)
That was a really _________ idea! (good / well) (Гэта была сапраўды добрая ідэя!)
He paints so _________. (neat / neatly) (Ён так акуратна малюе.)
Her dress looks _________. (elegant / elegantly) (Яе сукенка выглядае элегантна.)
Your handwriting is very _________. (neat / neatly) (Твой почырк вельмі акуратны.)
We had a _________ conversation. (nice / nicely) (Мы мелі прыемную размову.)
She ran very _________. (fast / fastly) (Яна бегла вельмі хутка.)
I feel _________. (bad / badly) (Я адчуваю сябе дрэнна.)
He’s always been a _________ student. (hard-working / hard-workingly) (Ён заўсёды быў старанным вучнем.)
They danced _________. (graceful / gracefully) (Яны танцавалі грацыёзна.)
The cake smells _________. (wonderful / wonderfully) (Пірог пахне цудоўна.)
She looked at me _________. (angry / angrily) (Яна злосна паглядзела на мяне.)

✍️ Exercise 2. Choose the correct form — adjective or adverb

She sings _________, especially when she is feeling happy. (beautiful / beautifully)
He looked _________ after the exam, as he was very tired. (nervous / nervously)
Please speak more _________ during the presentation so everyone can understand. (clear / clearly)
She is a very _________ artist, and her paintings are full of emotion. (creative / creatively)
I answered the questions correctly, making sure I gave the best possible responses. (correct / correctly)
My cat is very _________, and it likes to sit in quiet corners of the house. (quiet / quietly)
They worked _________ to finish the project on time, and they stayed late at the office. (hard / hardly)
This soup tastes _________, and everyone is asking for the recipe. (delicious / deliciously)
The train arrived _________, and we had to rush to catch it. (late / lately)
That was (была) a really _________ idea, and it helped everyone solve the problem. (good / well)
He paints so _________ that every detail of the picture is perfect. (neat / neatly)
Her dress looks _________, and she received many compliments at the party. (elegant / elegantly)
Your handwriting is very _________, and it makes reading your notes much easier. (neat / neatly)
We had a _________ conversation about our plans for the weekend. (nice / nicely)
She ran very _________ in the race, finishing first and surprising everyone. (fast / fastly)
I feel _________ today, and I might need to rest before going out. (bad / badly)
He’s always been a _________ student, working hard to achieve good results. (hard-working / hard-workingly)
They danced _________ at the ball, impressing everyone with their skills. (graceful / gracefully)
The cake smells _________, and everyone in the room is eager to taste it. (wonderful / wonderfully)
She looked at me _________ after hearing what I said, and I could see her disappointment. (angry / angrily)

Speaking

Exercise. Complete the sentences about yourself.

I don’t like it when...
Last summer, I went...
My favourite food is…
Every day, I have to...
I never go to bed without...
When it’s raining, I usually...
I can... but I can’t...
My dream country to visit is...
I like learning English because...
In the future, I want to...